---
title: «lemmings jump off cliffs on purpose, saw it on telly» What is right? — Zoos in Australia and around the world… · tree and pragmatics
description: «lemmings jump off cliffs on purpose, saw it on telly» What is right? Test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 117 «Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myths put right» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Test 2 · ★★★ · Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myt…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«lemmings jump off cliffs on purpose, saw it on telly» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** lemmings · **What happens:** jump off, see, be · **To what, where:** cliffs, purpose, telly

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 117 «Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myths put right» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right/#t2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:t2:1
# text = «lemmings jump off cliffs on purpose, saw it on telly» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jump	jump	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	telly	telly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
14	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	16	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump off** *in a quote* | present | lemmings | cliffs |  | purpose |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent cliff=Theme on purpose=Trajectory |
| 2 | **see** *in a quote* | past | lemmings *not said here* | purpose |  | telly |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but only male lemmings

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:t2:o1:1
# text = Yes, but only male lemmings
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	male	male	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, they do it every spring when there are too many of them in the hills

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:t2:o2:1
# text = Yes, they do it every spring when there are too many of them in the hills
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
11	too	too	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | they | it |  |  | spring |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | present | they *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They do not; an old film staged it, and lemmings drown only by accident while moving

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:t2:o3:1
# text = They do not; an old film staged it, and lemmings drown only by accident while moving
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	staged	stage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	drown	drown	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	only	only	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
18	moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **do** | present | They |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stage** | past | a old film | it |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **drown** | present | lemmings | accident |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent accident=Patient |
| 4 | **move** | gerund | lemmings *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lemmings can fly a little, like flying squirrels, so they are fine

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right:t2:o4:1
# text = Lemmings can fly a little, like flying squirrels, so they are fine
1	Lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
9	squirrels	squirrel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | can | Lemmings | a little |  |  |  | like flying squirrels | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location little=Theme |
| 2 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | Lemmings *= lemming* |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Zoos in Australia and around the world…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right/t1/)
- next →: [Zoos in Australia and around the world…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right/t3/)
- ↑ back to [Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myths put right](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right/)