---
title: «cats can see in pitch black, that's why they're out at night» What… — How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting… · tree and pragmatics
description: «cats can see in pitch black, that's why they're out at night» What is right? Test 2 · ★★ of lesson 119 «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was w
---

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# Test 2 · ★★ · How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«cats can see in pitch black, that's why they're out at night» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** cats, that · **What happens:** see, be · **To what, where:** pitch

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This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 119 «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/#t2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t2:1
# text = «cats can see in pitch black, that's why they're out at night» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	parataxis	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	out	out	ADV	RB	_	11	advcl:relcl	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
18	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	20	nsubj	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	advcl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** *in a quote* | can | cats |  |  | pitch |  | black *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | that |  |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | cats *= cat* |  |  |  | night | out *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, cats are completely blind at night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t2:o1:1
# text = No, cats are completely blind at night
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | cats |  |  |  | night | blind, completely *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, in total darkness they see perfectly, better than in daylight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t2:o2:1
# text = Yes, in total darkness they see perfectly, better than in daylight
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	total	total	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	perfectly	perfectly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	_
11	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present | they |  |  | total darkness |  | perfectly, well *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They need some light, but only about a sixth of what we need

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t2:o3:1
# text = They need some light, but only about a sixth of what we need
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
4	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	about	about	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sixth	sixth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nmod	_	_
13	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | They | some light |  |  |  | a sixth *obl* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot light=Theme |
| 2 | **need** | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cats see only in bright colours at night, never in grey

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t2:o4:1
# text = Cats see only in bright colours at night, never in grey
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present | Cats | bright colours |  |  | night |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer colour=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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