---
title: A kitten grows up alone, never seeing its mother hunt. What would mo… — How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting… · tree and pragmatics
description: A kitten grows up alone, never seeing its mother hunt. What would most likely happen? Test 7 · ★★ of lesson 119 «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choi
---

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# Test 7 · ★★ · How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kitten grows up alone, never seeing its mother hunt. What would most likely happen?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** kitten · **What happens:** grow up, not see, happen · **To what, where:** mother hunt

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 119 «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A kitten grows up alone, never seeing its mother hunt.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t7:1
# text = A kitten grows up alone, never seeing its mother hunt.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kitten	kitten	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	seeing	see	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	hunt	hunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow up** | present | a kitten |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **see** | gerund | a kitten *not said here* | kitten's mother hunt |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hunt=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What would most likely happen?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t7:2
# text = What would most likely happen?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	4	advmod	_	_
4	likely	likely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | would |  |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It would be the best hunter of all, as nobody got in its way

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t7:o1:1
# text = It would be the best hunter of all, as nobody got in its way
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	12	nsubj	_	_
12	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | would | It | the best hunter |  |  |  | of all | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | past | nobody |  |  | hunter's way |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It would never chase anything at all in its life, not even a ball of string

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t7:o2:1
# text = It would never chase anything at all in its life, not even a ball of string
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	chase	chase	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
13	even	even	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	string	string	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **chase** | would | It | anything |  | all |  | in its life; a ball of string *obl* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent anything=Theme in life=Trajectory |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It would usually be a worse hunter, since hunting is partly learnt

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t7:o3:1
# text = It would usually be a worse hunter, since hunting is partly learnt
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
12	partly	partly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	learnt	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | would | It | a worse hunter |  |  |  | usually *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **learn** | present · passive |  | hunting |  |  |  | partly *property* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It would learn to hunt from a book

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt:t7:o4:1
# text = It would learn to hunt from a book
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | would | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hunt** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a book |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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