---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Forests: woodland through the year and… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the boreal forest, hereinafter the taiga? Exam question 3 of lesson 12 «Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the que
---

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# Exam question 3 · Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the boreal forest, hereinafter the taiga?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** boreal forest

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 12 «Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:12-forests-woodland-through-the-year:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the boreal forest, hereinafter the taiga?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	boreal	boreal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	hereinafter	hereinafter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	taiga	taiga	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the boreal forest and hereinafter |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is composed principally of oak and beech

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:12-forests-woodland-through-the-year:e3:o1:1
# text = It is composed principally of oak and beech
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	composed	compose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	principally	principally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	beech	beech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compose** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | of oak and beech; principally *property* | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the most extensive terrestrial habitat, dominated by coniferous trees

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:12-forests-woodland-through-the-year:e3:o2:1
# text = It is the most extensive terrestrial habitat, dominated by coniferous trees
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	extensive	extensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	terrestrial	terrestrial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	habitat	habitat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	dominated	dominate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	coniferous	coniferous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | the extensive terrestrial habitat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dominate** | participle |  | the extensive terrestrial habitat *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a tropical forest situated at the equator

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:12-forests-woodland-through-the-year:e3:o3:1
# text = It is a tropical forest situated at the equator
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	tropical	tropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a tropical forest |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **situate** | participle |  | a tropical forest *not said here* |  | the equator |  |  | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent at equator=Destination |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the smallest of the forests of the northern hemisphere, confined to a single country

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:12-forests-woodland-through-the-year:e3:o4:1
# text = It is the smallest of the forests of the northern hemisphere, confined to a single country
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	smallest	small	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	hemisphere	hemisphere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	confined	confine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | of the forests of the northern hemisphere; small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **confine** | participle |  | the forests of the northern hemisphere *not said here* |  | a single country |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to country=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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