---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The Lion King: real lions, prides and… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the so-called elephant graveyard? Exam question 3 of lesson 124 «The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of ea
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/e3/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [The Lion King: real lions, prides and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/) / e3

# Exam question 3 · The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the so-called elephant graveyard?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, call · **To what, where:** elephant graveyard · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 124 «The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:124-the-lion-king-real-lions:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the so-called elephant graveyard?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
13	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	graveyard	graveyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the elephant graveyard |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **call** | participle |  | the elephant graveyard *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a single valley to which all elderly elephants proceed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:124-the-lion-king-real-lions:e3:o1:1
# text = It is a single valley to which all elderly elephants proceed
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
9	elderly	elderly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	elephants	elephant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	proceed	proceed	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a single valley |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **proceed** | present | all elderly elephants |  |  |  |  | to a single valley | vn begin-55.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No such place exists; elephants die wherever they happen to be, though remains may accumulate near water

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:124-the-lion-king-real-lions:e3:o2:1
# text = No such place exists; elephants die wherever they happen to be, though remains may accumulate near water
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
2	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	exists	exist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	elephants	elephant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	die	die	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	wherever	wherever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	happen	happen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	remains	remains	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	17	nsubj	_	_
16	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	accumulate	accumulate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
18	near	near	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exist** | present | no such place |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **die** | present | elephants |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **happen** | present | elephants *= elephant* |  |  |  |  | wherever *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** | to-infinitive | elephants *= elephant* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **accumulate** | may | remains |  |  | water |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a location known to every herd and carefully concealed from people and from scientists

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:124-the-lion-king-real-lions:e3:o3:1
# text = It is a location known to every herd and carefully concealed from people and from scientists
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	location	location	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	concealed	conceal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a location |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | participle |  | a location *not said here* |  |  |  | to every herd | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **conceal** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | from people and scientists; carefully *property* | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from people=Beneficiary |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is situated beneath every desert in Africa

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:124-the-lion-king-real-lions:e3:o4:1
# text = It is situated beneath every desert in Africa
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **situate** | present · passive |  | It |  | every desert in Africa |  |  | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme beneath desert=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The Lion King: real lions, prides and…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/e2/)
- next →: [The Lion King: real lions, prides and…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/e4/)
- ↑ back to [The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/)