---
title: In a cartoon, a llama spits at every tourist who walks past. What is… — Mountains: life as you climb higher · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon, a llama spits at every tourist who walks past. What is closer to the truth? Test 1 · ★★ of lesson 13 «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/t1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Mountains: life as you climb higher](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/) / t1

# Test 1 · ★★ · Mountains: life as you climb higher

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon, a llama spits at every tourist who walks past. What is closer to the truth?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** llama, tourist · **What happens:** spit, walk, be · **To what, where:** cartoon

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 13 «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon, a llama spits at every tourist who walks past.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t1:1
# text = In a cartoon, a llama spits at every tourist who walks past.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	llama	llama	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	spits	spit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	tourist	tourist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	walks	walk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	past	past	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | present | a llama |  |  | a cartoon |  | at every tourist | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **walk** | present | every tourist |  |  |  |  | past *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is closer to the truth?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t1:2
# text = What is closer to the truth?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to the truth; close *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Llamas mostly spit at other llamas over food or space

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t1:o1:1
# text = Llamas mostly spit at other llamas over food or space
1	Llamas	llama	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	spit	spit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	llamas	llama	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | present | Llamas |  |  | food or space |  | at other llamas; mostly *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Llamas spit at all people on sight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t1:o2:1
# text = Llamas spit at all people on sight
1	Llamas	llama	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spit	spit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | present | Llamas |  |  | sight |  | at all people | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Agent on sight=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Llamas spit only at their keepers, who feed them every day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t1:o3:1
# text = Llamas spit only at their keepers, who feed them every day
1	Llamas	llama	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spit	spit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	keepers	keeper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	feed	feed	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | present | Llamas | Llamas's keepers |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent keeper=Theme |
| 2 | **feed** | present | Llamas's keepers | keepers *= keeper* |  |  | day |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Llamas never spit at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t1:o4:1
# text = Llamas never spit at all
1	Llamas	llama	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	spit	spit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **spit** | present | Llamas |  |  | all |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Forests: woodland through the year and…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/e4/)
- next →: [Mountains: life as you climb higher, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/t2/)
- ↑ back to [Mountains: life as you climb higher](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/)