--- title: Why do baby ibex not fall off the cliffs? — Mountains: life as you climb higher · tree and pragmatics description: Why do baby ibex not fall off the cliffs? Test 10 · ★★ of lesson 13 «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/t10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Mountains: life as you climb higher](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/) / t10 # Test 10 · ★★ · Mountains: life as you climb higher Why do baby ibex not fall off the cliffs? **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** baby ibex · **What happens:** not fall off · **To what, where:** cliffs This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 13 «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/#t10). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t10:1 # text = Why do baby ibex not fall off the cliffs? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 6 advmod _ _ 2 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 3 baby baby NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 ibex ibex NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 5 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 6 fall fall VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 7 off off ADP RP _ 6 compound:prt _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 cliffs cliff NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **fall off** | present · do-support | baby ibex | the cliffs | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient cliff=Extent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Their mothers hold them by the ear ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t10:o1:1 # text = Their mothers hold them by the ear 1 Their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 mothers mother NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 hold hold VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ _ 5 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 ear ear NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hold** | present | Their mothers | them *= they* | | | | by the ear | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme by ear=Location | ### Option 2 {#o2} They stay in caves until they are grown ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t10:o2:1 # text = They stay in caves until they are grown 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 stay stay VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 caves cave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 5 until until SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 6 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 advcl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stay** | present | They | | | caves | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location | | 2 | **grow** | present · passive | | caves *= cave* | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} They have claws like a cat ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t10:o3:1 # text = They have claws like a cat 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 claws claw NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 like like ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 cat cat NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | They | claws | | | | like a cat | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claw=Patient | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4} Their hooves have hard edges and grippy pads, and they climb within days of birth ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t10:o4:1 # text = Their hooves have hard edges and grippy pads, and they climb within days of birth 1 Their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 hooves hoove NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 edges edge NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 grippy grippy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 pads pad NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 climb climb VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 13 within within ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 birth birth NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Their hooves | hard edges and grippy pads | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent edge=Patient | | 2 | **climb** | present | hooves *= hoove* | | | | day | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Mountains: life as you climb higher, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/t9/) - next →: [Mountains: life as you climb higher, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/t11/) - ↑ back to [Mountains: life as you climb higher](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/)