---
title: Tom says it's colder on mountains because they are further from the… — Mountains: life as you climb higher · tree and pragmatics
description: Tom says it's colder on mountains because they are further from the Sun. Is he right? Test 3 · ★★ of lesson 13 «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 3 · ★★ · Mountains: life as you climb higher

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom says it's colder on mountains because they are further from the Sun. Is he right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Tom, it, mountains · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** mountains · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 13 «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t3:1
# text = Tom says it's colder on mountains because they are further from the Sun. Is he right?
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	colder	cold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	ccomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
11	further	further	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Sun.	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
15	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Tom |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | it |  |  | mountains |  | cold *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | mountains *= mountain* |  |  |  | sunday | further, right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, mountains are actually warmer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t3:o1:1
# text = No, mountains are actually warmer
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	actually	actually	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	warmer	warm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | mountains |  |  |  |  | actually, warm *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, the Sun cannot reach mountain tops

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t3:o2:1
# text = Yes, the Sun cannot reach mountain tops
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	tops	top	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **reach** | can | the Sun | mountain tops |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent top=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, the thin rising air cools, and a few kilometres are nothing next to the Sun's distance

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t3:o3:1
# text = No, the thin rising air cools, and a few kilometres are nothing next to the Sun's distance
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	rising	rising	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	cools	cool	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	7	obj	_	_
15	next	next	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cool** | present | the thin rising air |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a few kilometres | nothing |  |  |  | next *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, every metre nearer the Sun is warmer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:13-mountains-life-as-you-climb:t3:o4:1
# text = Yes, every metre nearer the Sun is warmer
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	metre	metre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	nearer	near	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	warmer	warm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Sun |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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