---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Kung Fu Panda: real mantises, snakes a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the hearing of the praying mantis? Exam question 3 of lesson 137 «Kung Fu Panda: real mantises, snakes and monkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opti
---

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# Exam question 3 · Kung Fu Panda: real mantises, snakes and monkeys

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the hearing of the praying mantis?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** praying mantis · **What happens:** follow, characteris, pray, hear · **To what, where:** hearing

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 137 «Kung Fu Panda: real mantises, snakes and monkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/137-kung-fu-panda-real-mantises-snakes-and-monkeys/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:137-kung-fu-panda-real-mantises-snakes-and-monkeys:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the hearing of the praying mantis?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hearing	hearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	praying	pray	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	amod	_	_
14	mantis	mantis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the hearing of the praying mantis |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **pray** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **hear** |  | the praying mantis |  |  |  |  |  | nom hearing «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mantis possesses two ears upon its head, situated just behind the large compound eyes

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:137-kung-fu-panda-real-mantises-snakes-and-monkeys:e3:o1:1
# text = The mantis possesses two ears upon its head, situated just behind the large compound eyes
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mantis	mantis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	possesses	possess	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
11	just	just	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
12	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	compound	compound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | the mantis | two ears |  |  |  | upon mantis's head | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot ear=Theme |
| 2 | **situate** | participle |  | two ears *not said here* |  | the large compound eyes |  |  | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent behind eye=Destination |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many mantises possess a single ear in the chest by which they detect the calls of bats

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:137-kung-fu-panda-real-mantises-snakes-and-monkeys:e3:o2:1
# text = Many mantises possess a single ear in the chest by which they detect the calls of bats
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	mantises	mantis	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	possess	possess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	detect	detect	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	calls	call	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | Many mantises | a single ear |  | the chest |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot ear=Theme |
| 2 | **detect** | present | mantises *= mantis* | the calls of bats |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer call=Stimulus |
| 3 | **call** |  |  | bats |  |  |  |  | nom call «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mantis is entirely without the sense of hearing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:137-kung-fu-panda-real-mantises-snakes-and-monkeys:e3:o3:1
# text = The mantis is entirely without the sense of hearing
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mantis	mantis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	without	without	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	hearing	hearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the mantis |  |  |  |  | without the sense; of hearing; entirely *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mantis hears by means of its antennae alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:137-kung-fu-panda-real-mantises-snakes-and-monkeys:e3:o4:1
# text = The mantis hears by means of its antennae alone
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mantis	mantis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hears	hear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	antennae	antennae	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | present | the mantis |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  | mantis's antennae |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antennae=Topic |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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