---
title: Ascertain the reason for which the feeding of kitchen leftovers to p… — Peppa Pig: what real pigs are like · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the reason for which the feeding of kitchen leftovers to pigs is prohibited by law in many countries. Exam question 4 of lesson 138 «Peppa Pig: what real pigs are like» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Exam question 4 · Peppa Pig: what real pigs are like

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the reason for which the feeding of kitchen leftovers to pigs is prohibited by law in many countries.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, law, kitchen leftovers · **What happens:** ascertain, prohibit, feed · **To what, where:** reason, feeding, many countries

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 138 «Peppa Pig: what real pigs are like» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/138-peppa-pig-real-pigs/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:138-peppa-pig-real-pigs:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the reason for which the feeding of kitchen leftovers to pigs is prohibited by law in many countries.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	feeding	feeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	leftovers	leftover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **prohibit** | present · passive | law | the feeding of kitchen leftovers to pigs |  | many countries |  | for the reason | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Theme |
| 3 | **feed** |  | kitchen leftovers to pigs |  |  |  |  |  | nom feeding «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pigs refuse food previously handled by people

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:138-peppa-pig-real-pigs:e4:o1:1
# text = Pigs refuse food previously handled by people
1	Pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	refuse	refuse	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	previously	previously	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	handled	handle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** | present | Pigs | food |  |  |  | previously *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **handle** | participle | Pigs *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leftovers cause excessive increase in the weight of pigs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:138-peppa-pig-real-pigs:e4:o2:1
# text = Leftovers cause excessive increase in the weight of pigs
1	Leftovers	leftover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cause	cause	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	excessive	excessive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	increase	increase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Leftovers | excessive increase |  | the weight of pigs |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition increase=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leftovers contain insufficient salt for pigs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:138-peppa-pig-real-pigs:e4:o3:1
# text = Leftovers contain insufficient salt for pigs
1	Leftovers	leftover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | Leftovers | insufficient salt |  |  |  | for pigs | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot salt=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scraps of meat may transmit serious diseases of pigs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:138-peppa-pig-real-pigs:e4:o4:1
# text = Scraps of meat may transmit serious diseases of pigs
1	Scraps	scrap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	transmit	transmit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	diseases	disease	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transmit** | may | Scraps of meat | serious diseases of pigs |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disease=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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