---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The city as a habitat · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the assertion that a person is never more than two metres from a rat? Exam question 2 of lesson 14 «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of ea
---

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# Exam question 2 · The city as a habitat

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the assertion that a person is never more than two metres from a rat?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** person · **What happens:** follow, characteris, be · **To what, where:** assertion, two metres, rat

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 14 «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the assertion that a person is never more than two metres from a rat?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	assertion	assertion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
15	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
16	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	18	advmod	_	_
17	than	than	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	rat	rat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the assertion |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | a person | two metres |  | a rat |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a popular myth unsupported by any genuine count

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:e2:o1:1
# text = It is a popular myth unsupported by any genuine count
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	unsupported	unsupport	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
9	genuine	genuine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	count	count	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a popular myth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **unsupport** | participle |  | a popular myth *not said here* |  |  |  | by any genuine count | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a scientifically established fact

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:e2:o2:1
# text = It is a scientifically established fact
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	scientifically	scientifically	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | scientifically *property* | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is a** | present | It | a established fact |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is accurate solely in respect of London

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:e2:o3:1
# text = It is accurate solely in respect of London
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	accurate	accurate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  | respect of London |  | accurate, solely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **respect** |  |  | London |  |  |  |  | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a deliberate understatement of the true distance

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:e2:o4:1
# text = It is a deliberate understatement of the true distance
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	understatement	understatement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a deliberate understatement |  |  |  | of the true distance | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The city as a habitat, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/e1/)
- next →: [The city as a habitat, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/e3/)
- ↑ back to [The city as a habitat](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/)