---
title: A crow drops a nut on the road and waits by the traffic lights. What… — The city as a habitat · tree and pragmatics
description: A crow drops a nut on the road and waits by the traffic lights. What is it doing? Test 6 of lesson 14 «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 6 · The city as a habitat

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A crow drops a nut on the road and waits by the traffic lights. What is it doing?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** crow · **What happens:** drop, wait, do · **To what, where:** nut, road

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 of lesson 14 «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A crow drops a nut on the road and waits by the traffic lights.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:t6:1
# text = A crow drops a nut on the road and waits by the traffic lights.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crow	crow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drops	drop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	nut	nut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	waits	wait	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | present | a crow | a nut |  | the road |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent nut=Theme on road=Destination |
| 2 | **wait** | present | a crow *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the traffic lights | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by light=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is it doing?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:t6:2
# text = What is it doing?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present · progressive | crow |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trying to stop the traffic

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:t6:o1:1
# text = Trying to stop the traffic
1	Trying	try	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **stop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | the traffic |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality traffic=Eventuality |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Using cars to crack the nut and collecting the pieces at the red light

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:t6:o2:1
# text = Using cars to crack the nut and collecting the pieces at the red light
1	Using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	0	root	_	_
2	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	crack	crack	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	nut	nut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	collecting	collect	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | gerund |  | cars |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Patient |
| 2 | **crack** | to-infinitive |  | the nut |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location nut=Theme |
| 3 | **collect** | gerund |  | the pieces |  | the red light |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Planting a nut in a crack so that a new tree grows

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:t6:o3:1
# text = Planting a nut in a crack so that a new tree grows
1	Planting	plant	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	nut	nut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crack	crack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
12	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | gerund |  | a nut |  | a crack |  | so a new tree | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent nut=Theme in crack=Destination |
| 2 | **grow** | present | Planting |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Throwing rubbish away

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:14-the-city-as-a-habitat:t6:o4:1
# text = Throwing rubbish away
1	Throwing	throw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw away** | gerund |  | rubbish |  |  |  | away *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rubbish=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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