---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predato… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the position of the eyes in predator and prey? Exam question 3 of lesson 142 «Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Exam question 3 · Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the position of the eyes in predator and prey?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** position

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 142 «Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the position of the eyes in predator and prey?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the position of the eyes in predator and prey |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Prey commonly possess forward-facing eyes for judging distance

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:e3:o1:1
# text = Prey commonly possess forward-facing eyes for judging distance
1	Prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	commonly	commonly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	possess	possess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	facing	face	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	judging	judge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
10	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present |  |  |  |  |  | commonly, forward *property* | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **face** | gerund |  | eyes |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme eye=Destination |
| 3 | **judge** | gerund |  | distance |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent distance=Value |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Predators commonly possess lateral eyes for a wide view

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:e3:o2:1
# text = Predators commonly possess lateral eyes for a wide view
1	Predators	predator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	commonly	commonly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	possess	possess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	lateral	lateral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	view	view	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | Predators | lateral eyes |  |  |  | for a wide view; commonly *property* | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot eye=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Predators commonly possess forward-facing eyes for judging distance; prey commonly possess lateral eyes for a wide view

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:e3:o3:1
# text = Predators commonly possess forward-facing eyes for judging distance; prey commonly possess lateral eyes for a wide view
1	Predators	predator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	commonly	commonly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	possess	possess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	facing	face	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	judging	judge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
10	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
13	commonly	commonly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	possess	possess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	lateral	lateral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	view	view	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | Predators |  |  |  |  | commonly, forward *property* | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **face** | gerund | Predators *not said here* | eyes |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme eye=Destination |
| 3 | **judge** | gerund | Predators *not said here* | distance |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent distance=Value |
| 4 | **possess** | present | Predators *not said here* | lateral eyes |  |  |  | for a wide view; commonly *property* | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot eye=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The position of the eyes bears no relation to the manner of life, being decided entirely by the size of the head

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:e3:o4:1
# text = The position of the eyes bears no relation to the manner of life, being decided entirely by the size of the head
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	compound	_	_
6	bears	bear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	relation	relation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	decided	decide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
17	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | gerund · passive | the size of the head | the position of the eyes bears and no relation to the manner of life *not said here* |  |  |  | entirely *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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