---
title: A wildlife film shows one lion pride and a huge herd of zebras. Why… — Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predato… · tree and pragmatics
description: A wildlife film shows one lion pride and a huge herd of zebras. Why is that the usual picture? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 142 «Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Test 9 · ★ · Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wildlife film shows one lion pride and a huge herd of zebras. Why is that the usual picture?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** wildlife film · **What happens:** show, be · **To what, where:** one lion pride, usual picture

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 142 «Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A wildlife film shows one lion pride and a huge herd of zebras.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:t9:1
# text = A wildlife film shows one lion pride and a huge herd of zebras.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	pride	pride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	zebras	zebra	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a wildlife film | one lion pride and a huge herd of zebras |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pride=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why is that the usual picture?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:t9:2
# text = Why is that the usual picture?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | the usual picture |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each predator needs many prey animals to survive

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:t9:o1:1
# text = Each predator needs many prey animals to survive
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	survive	survive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | each predator | many prey animals |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot animal=Theme |
| 2 | **survive** | to-infinitive | each predator *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lions only ever live in very small groups by chance, not because of how much food there is

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:t9:o2:1
# text = Lions only ever live in very small groups by chance, not because of how much food there is
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
13	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
16	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
18	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	19	expl	_	_
19	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Lions |  |  | small groups | ever | by chance; because much food | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in group=Location |
| 2 | **be** | present | much food *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Zebras eat lions in bad years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:t9:o3:1
# text = Zebras eat lions in bad years
1	Zebras	zebra	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Zebras | lions |  |  | year |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lion=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lions have scared off most other lions

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey:t9:o4:1
# text = Lions have scared off most other lions
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	scared	scare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scare off** | present · perfect | Lions | most other lions |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus lion=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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