---
title: In the old game «Lemmings», little lemmings walk off ledges one afte… — Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs? · tree and pragmatics
description: In the old game «Lemmings», little lemmings walk off ledges one after another. Why is the game not proof? Test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 150 «Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; 
---

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# Test 2 · ★★★ · Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the old game «Lemmings», little lemmings walk off ledges one after another. Why is the game not proof?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** little lemmings, game · **What happens:** walk off, be · **To what, where:** ledges, old game

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This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 150 «Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In the old game «Lemmings», little lemmings walk off ledges one after another.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs:t2:1
# text = In the old game «Lemmings», little lemmings walk off ledges one after another.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
9	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	off	off	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	ledges	ledge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	_
15	after	after	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk off** | present | little lemmings | ledges |  | the old game |  | one after another *obl* | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ledge=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why is the game not proof?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs:t2:2
# text = Why is the game not proof?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the game  proof |  |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The game showed the real numbers of lemmings

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs:t2:o1:1
# text = The game showed the real numbers of lemmings
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the game | the real numbers of lemmings |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent number=Recipient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Games repeat ideas people already believe, and the player's job was to save them

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs:t2:o2:1
# text = Games repeat ideas people already believe, and the player's job was to save them
1	Games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	repeat	repeat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	already	already	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repeat** | present | Games | ideas |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Eventuality |
| 2 | **believe** | present | people | ideas *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer idea=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | past | the player's job |  |  |  |  | save *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **job** |  | the player |  |  |  |  |  | nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The game was made by lemming scientists

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs:t2:o3:1
# text = The game was made by lemming scientists
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	lemming	lemming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive | lemming scientists | the game |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Games are always made from real nature films, so whatever they show must be true

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs:t2:o4:1
# text = Games are always made from real nature films, so whatever they show must be true
1	Games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	films	film	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	whatever	whatever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	parataxis	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	cop	_	_
16	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Games |  | real nature films |  | always *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from film=Material |
| 2 | **show** | present | Games *= game* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | must | Games *not said here* |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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