---
title: «I saw a monkey hang by its tail in Africa» What would you say? — The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagl… · tree and pragmatics
description: «I saw a monkey hang by its tail in Africa» What would you say? Test 6 · ★ of lesson 156 «The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova'
---

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# Test 6 · ★ · The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart fr…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«I saw a monkey hang by its tail in Africa» What would you say?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** I, you · **What happens:** see, say · **To what, where:** monkey hang · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 156 «The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/#t6).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t6:1
# text = «I saw a monkey hang by its tail in Africa» What would you say?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	hang	hang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
13	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	16	obj	_	_
14	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** *in a quote* | past | I | a monkey hang |  |  |  | by hang's tail in Africa | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | would | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but only monkeys from Africa and Asia can hang by their tails

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t6:o1:1
# text = Yes, but only monkeys from Africa and Asia can hang by their tails
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	11	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	hang	hang	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	tails	tail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | can | monkeys from Africa and Asia |  |  |  |  | by monkeys's tails | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by tail=Location |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Probably not; only monkeys of the Americas have gripping tails

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t6:o2:1
# text = Probably not; only monkeys of the Americas have gripping tails
1	Probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	xcomp	_	_
11	tails	tail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | present | monkeys of the Americas |  |  |  |  | probably *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **grip** | gerund | monkeys of the Americas *not said here* | tails |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Monkeys have no tails

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t6:o3:1
# text = Monkeys have no tails
1	Monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	tails	tail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Monkeys | no tails |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, all monkeys do that

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t6:o4:1
# text = Yes, all monkeys do that
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | all monkeys | that |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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