--- title: A whole bunch of macaws are licking a muddy cliff. Why? — The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagl… · tree and pragmatics description: A whole bunch of macaws are licking a muddy cliff. Why? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 156 «The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/t9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagl…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/) / t9 # Test 9 · ★ · The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart fr… A whole bunch of macaws are licking a muddy cliff. Why? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** whole bunch · **What happens:** lick · **To what, where:** muddy cliff This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 156 «The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/#t9). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* A whole bunch of macaws are licking a muddy cliff. ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t9:1 # text = A whole bunch of macaws are licking a muddy cliff. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 bunch bunch NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 macaws macaw NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ 6 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 licking lick VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 muddy muddy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 cliff cliff NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lick** | present · progressive | a whole bunch of macaws | a muddy cliff | | | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent cliff=Source | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* Why? ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t9:2 # text = Why? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 2 ? ? PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} They are drinking rain water ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t9:o1:1 # text = They are drinking rain water 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 drinking drink VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **drink** | present · progressive | They | rain water | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient | ### Option 2 {#o2} They are lost and hungry for mud only ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t9:o2:1 # text = They are lost and hungry for mud only 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 lost lose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 hungry hungry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 6 for for ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 mud mud NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 8 only only ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lose** | present · passive | | They | | | | for mud | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} The clay gives them salt and may soak up poisons from seeds ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t9:o3:1 # text = The clay gives them salt and may soak up poisons from seeds 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 clay clay NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 iobj _ _ 5 salt salt NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 soak soak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 9 up up ADP RP _ 8 compound:prt _ _ 10 poisons poison NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 11 from from ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 seeds seed NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | present | the clay | salt | them *= they* | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient salt=Theme | | 2 | **soak up** | may | the clay *not said here* | poisons | | seeds | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent poison=Theme from seed=Source | ### Option 4 {#o4} They are polishing their beaks ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy:t9:o4:1 # text = They are polishing their beaks 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 polishing polish VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 beaks beak NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **polish** | present · progressive | They | their beaks | | | | | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent beak=Destination | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagl…, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/t8/) - next →: [The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagl…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/t10/) - ↑ back to [The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/)