---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Amazon giants and tall tales: anaconda… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reports of the candiru attacking human beings? Exam question 3 of lesson 158 «Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reports of the candiru attacking human beings?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** reports · **What happens:** follow, characteris, attack, report · **To what, where:** reports, human beings, candiru

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 158 «Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reports of the candiru attacking human beings?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	reports	report	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	candiru	candiru	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	attacking	attack	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
15	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	beings	being	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the reports of the candiru |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **attack** | gerund | the reports of the candiru *not said here* | human beings |  |  |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent being=Patient |
| 4 | **report** |  |  | the candiru |  |  |  |  | nom report «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They concern a fish of the dimensions of a dolphin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales:e3:o1:1
# text = They concern a fish of the dimensions of a dolphin
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	concern	concern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dimensions	dimension	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dolphin	dolphin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They rest upon very few unclear reports, most of which scientists regard with doubt

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales:e3:o2:1
# text = They rest upon very few unclear reports, most of which scientists regard with doubt
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rest	rest	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	unclear	unclear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	reports	report	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	13	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
12	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	regard	regard	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	doubt	doubt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rest** | present | They |  |  | few unclear reports |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon report=Location |
| 2 | **regard** | present | most |  |  |  |  | with doubt | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are reported exclusively in respect of adults bathing in the sea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales:e3:o3:1
# text = They are reported exclusively in respect of adults bathing in the sea
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	bathing	bath	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **report** | present · passive |  | They |  | respect of adults |  | exclusively *property* | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **bath** | gerund | adults *not said here* |  |  | the sea |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **respect** |  |  | adults |  |  |  |  | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are confirmed by numerous experiments

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales:e3:o4:1
# text = They are confirmed by numerous experiments
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	confirmed	confirm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	experiments	experiment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confirm** | present · passive | numerous experiments | They |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Topic |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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