---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the chest-beating of the male gorilla. Exam question 1 of lesson 159 «The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of 
---

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# Exam question 1 · The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the chest-beating of the male gorilla.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern, beat · **To what, where:** response, chest beating, male gorilla

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 159 «The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest:e1:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the chest-beating of the male gorilla.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	beating	beating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	male	male	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	gorilla	gorilla	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the chest beating of the male gorilla |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus beating=Experiencer |
| 4 | **beat** |  |  | the male gorilla |  |  |  |  | nom beating «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It invariably precedes an attack upon a human being

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest:e1:o1:1
# text = It invariably precedes an attack upon a human being
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	precedes	precede	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	attack	attack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	upon	upon	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
9	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **precede** | present | It | a attack |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme attack=Co-Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a symptom of illness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest:e1:o2:1
# text = It is a symptom of illness
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	symptom	symptom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a symptom |  |  |  | of illness | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is performed with closed fists in order to inflict injury upon the rival male

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest:e1:o3:1
# text = It is performed with closed fists in order to inflict injury upon the rival male
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	performed	perform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	fists	fist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	10	mark	_	_
8	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	fixed	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	inflict	inflict	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
11	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	rival	rival	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	male	male	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perform** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | with closed fists | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **close** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **inflict** | to-infinitive |  | injury |  |  |  | upon the rival male | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a display communicating size and strength, frequently obviating actual combat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest:e1:o4:1
# text = It is a display communicating size and strength, frequently obviating actual combat
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	display	display	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	communicating	communicate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	obviating	obviate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	conj	_	_
12	actual	actual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	combat	combat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a display |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **communicate** | gerund | a display *not said here* | size and strength |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent size=Topic |
| 3 | **obviate** | gerund | a display *not said here* | actual combat |  |  |  | frequently *property* | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent combat=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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