---
title: Ascertain the reason for which the female rhinoceros hornbill enclos… — Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the reason for which the female rhinoceros hornbill encloses herself within a tree cavity. Exam question 4 of lesson 161 «Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/e4/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/) / e4

# Exam question 4 · Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the reason for which the female rhinoceros hornbill encloses herself within a tree cavity.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, female rhinoceros hornbill · **What happens:** ascertain, enclose · **To what, where:** reason, hornbill

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 161 «Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the reason for which the female rhinoceros hornbill encloses herself within a tree cavity.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	female	female	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	rhinoceros	rhinoceros	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	hornbill	hornbill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	encloses	enclose	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl	_	_
11	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	10	obj	_	_
12	within	within	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	cavity	cavity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **enclose** | present | the female rhinoceros hornbill | hornbill |  |  |  | for the reason; within a tree cavity | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme herself=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Avoidance of heavy rainfall during the monsoon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:e4:o1:1
# text = Avoidance of heavy rainfall during the monsoon
1	Avoidance	avoidance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	rainfall	rainfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	monsoon	monsoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **avoid** |  |  | heavy rainfall |  |  | during the monsoon |  | nom avoidance «act transitive»: of=patient during=obl |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Concealment from the male of her species

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:e4:o2:1
# text = Concealment from the male of her species
1	Concealment	concealment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	male	male	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Protection of herself and her offspring from predators such as snakes and monkeys

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:e4:o3:1
# text = Protection of herself and her offspring from predators such as snakes and monkeys
1	Protection	protection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	offspring	offspring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	predators	predator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	snakes	snake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Escape from the heat of the midday sun

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:e4:o4:1
# text = Escape from the heat of the midday sun
1	Escape	escape	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	midday	midday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **escape** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the heat of the midday sun |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from heat=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **heat** |  | the midday sun |  |  |  |  |  | nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys,…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/e3/)
- next →: [Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/)