---
title: In a cartoon a snake flies by flapping like a bird. What is real for… — Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys,… · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon a snake flies by flapping like a bird. What is real for Borneo's snakes? Test 4 of lesson 161 «Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of eac
---

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# Test 4 · Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon a snake flies by flapping like a bird. What is real for Borneo's snakes?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** snake · **What happens:** fly, flap, be · **To what, where:** cartoon

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This is test 4 of lesson 161 «Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon a snake flies by flapping like a bird.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:t4:1
# text = In a cartoon a snake flies by flapping like a bird.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	flies	fly	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	flapping	flap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | present | a snake |  |  | a cartoon |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location |
| 2 | **flap** | gerund | a snake *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a bird | vn body\_internal\_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is real for Borneo's snakes?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:t4:2
# text = What is real for Borneo's snakes?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	Borneo	Borneo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	snakes	snake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | for Borneo's snakes; real *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They really do flap like birds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:t4:o1:1
# text = They really do flap like birds
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	really	really	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	flap	flap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flap** | present · do-support | They |  |  |  |  | like birds | vn body\_internal\_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They glide on big leaves, using them like surfboards

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:t4:o2:1
# text = They glide on big leaves, using them like surfboards
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	glide	glide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	surfboards	surfboard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glide** | present | They |  |  | big leaves |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on leaf=Trajectory |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | They *not said here* | leaves *= leaf* |  |  |  | like surfboards | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They glide by flattening their bodies, they cannot flap

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:t4:o3:1
# text = They glide by flattening their bodies, they cannot flap
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	glide	glide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	flattening	flatten	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	flap	flap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glide** | present | They |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **flatten** | gerund | They *not said here* | their bodies |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **flap** | can | bodies *= body* |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No snake ever leaves the ground

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower:t4:o4:1
# text = No snake ever leaves the ground
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present | no snake | the ground |  |  | ever |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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