---
title: In a cartoon a chameleon on a chessboard turns into black and white… — Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed ge… · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon a chameleon on a chessboard turns into black and white squares. What is real? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 164 «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of th
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baoba…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon a chameleon on a chessboard turns into black and white squares. What is real?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** chameleon · **What happens:** turn, be · **To what, where:** cartoon

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 164 «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon a chameleon on a chessboard turns into black and white squares.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t1:1
# text = In a cartoon a chameleon on a chessboard turns into black and white squares.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	chameleon	chameleon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	chessboard	chessboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	_
14	squares	square	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | a chameleon on a chessboard |  |  | a cartoon |  | into black squares | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Source into square=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is real?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t1:2
# text = What is real?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | real *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real chameleons change colour mostly for mood and warmth, not to copy patterns

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t1:o1:1
# text = Real chameleons change colour mostly for mood and warmth, not to copy patterns
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	chameleons	chameleon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	mood	mood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	warmth	warmth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	copy	copy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	patterns	pattern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | Real chameleons | colour |  |  |  | for mood and warmth; mostly *property* | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent colour=Theme for mood=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **not** **copy** | to-infinitive |  | patterns |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They really copy any pattern

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t1:o2:1
# text = They really copy any pattern
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	really	really	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	copy	copy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	pattern	pattern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **copy** | present | They | any pattern |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chameleons cannot change colour at all; that only happens in cartoons

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t1:o3:1
# text = Chameleons cannot change colour at all; that only happens in cartoons
1	Chameleons	chameleon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	nsubj	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **change** | can | Chameleons | colour |  | all |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient |
| 2 | **happen** | present | that |  |  | cartoons |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They only change colour in their sleep

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t1:o4:1
# text = They only change colour in their sleep
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | They | colour |  | their sleep |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient |
| 2 | **sleep** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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