---
title: «darwin just guessed, lucky guess» What is right? — Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed ge… · tree and pragmatics
description: «darwin just guessed, lucky guess» What is right? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 164 «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's ch
---

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# Test 10 · ★ · Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baoba…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«darwin just guessed, lucky guess» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** darwin · **What happens:** guess, be · **To what, where:** lucky guess · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 164 «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t10:1
# text = «darwin just guessed, lucky guess» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	darwin	darwin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	just	just	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	guessed	guess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	lucky	lucky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	guess	guess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **guess** *in a quote* | past | darwin | lucky guess |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guess=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had already seen the moth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t10:o1:1
# text = He had already seen the moth
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	already	already	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	moth	moth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past · perfect | He | the moth |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer moth=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He made it up for a joke, and the moth was never found

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t10:o2:1
# text = He made it up for a joke, and the moth was never found
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	moth	moth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
13	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make up** | past | He | it |  |  |  | for a joke | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Pivot |
| 2 | **not** **find** | past · passive |  | the moth |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He bred the moth himself

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t10:o3:1
# text = He bred the moth himself
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bred	breed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	moth	moth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breed** | past | He | the moth |  |  |  | himself *= he* *obl* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He reasoned from the orchid's long tube that such a moth must exist

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth:t10:o4:1
# text = He reasoned from the orchid's long tube that such a moth must exist
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reasoned	reason	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	orchid	orchid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obj	_	_
10	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	12	det:predet	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	moth	moth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	exist	exist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reason** | past | He |  |  | the orchid's long tube |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from tube=Source |
| 2 | **exist** | must | such moth | the orchid's long tube |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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