---
title: «the ground's frozen but there's mud on top, wtf» What is right? — The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic f… · tree and pragmatics
description: «the ground's frozen but there's mud on top, wtf» What is right? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 168 «The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; 
---

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# Test 9 · ★ · The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«the ground's frozen but there's mud on top, wtf» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** mud · **What happens:** freeze, be · **To what, where:** ground, top

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 168 «The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings:t9:1
# text = «the ground's frozen but there's mud on top, wtf» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	advcl	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
9	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	wtf	wtf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
15	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** *in a quote* | participle · passive |  | the ground |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **be** *in a quote* | present | mud |  |  | top and wtf; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on top=Location |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mud fell from the sky

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings:t9:o1:1
# text = The mud fell from the sky
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | the mud |  |  | the sky |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from sky=Initial\_Location |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In summer only the top layer thaws, and the permafrost below stays frozen

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings:t9:o2:1
# text = In summer only the top layer thaws, and the permafrost below stays frozen
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	thaws	thaw	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	permafrost	permafrost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	below	below	ADP	IN	_	11	nmod	_	_
13	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
14	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thaw** | present | the top layer |  |  |  | summer |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **stay** | present | the permafrost |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **freeze** | participle | the permafrost *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ground is frozen only on top, and warm and muddy far below

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings:t9:o3:1
# text = The ground is frozen only on top, and warm and muddy far below
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	14	advmod	_	_
14	below	below	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** | present · passive |  | the ground |  | top |  | below *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is all frozen, there is no mud

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings:t9:o4:1
# text = It is all frozen, there is no mud
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	_
7	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | all *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **be** | present | no mud |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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