---
title: A friend says humans and chimps have 99 percent the same DNA, so a c… — How close are apes to us? · tree and pragmatics
description: A friend says humans and chimps have 99 percent the same DNA, so a chimp is 99 percent human. What is wrong with that? Test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 17 «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mov
---

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# Test 2 · ★★★ · How close are apes to us?

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A friend says humans and chimps have 99 percent the same DNA, so a chimp is 99 percent human. What is wrong with that?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** friend, humans, chimp · **What happens:** say, have, be · **To what, where:** 99 percent · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 17 «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A friend says humans and chimps have 99 percent the same DNA, so a chimp is 99 percent human.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t2:1
# text = A friend says humans and chimps have 99 percent the same DNA, so a chimp is 99 percent human.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	humans	human	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	chimps	chimp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	99	99	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	percent	percent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	DNA	DNA	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	chimp	chimp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	99	99	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	percent	percent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl:unmarked	_	_
20	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a friend |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | present | humans and chimps | 99 percent |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | a chimp |  |  |  |  | 99 percent *obl:unmarked*; human *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is wrong with that?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t2:2
# text = What is wrong with that?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with that; wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chimps share only 1 percent of our DNA

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t2:o1:1
# text = Chimps share only 1 percent of our DNA
1	Chimps	chimp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	share	share	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	percent	percent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	DNA	DNA	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | present | Chimps | 1 percent of our DNA |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Small DNA differences can make big differences in bodies and brains

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t2:o2:1
# text = Small DNA differences can make big differences in bodies and brains
1	Small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	DNA	DNA	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	differences	difference	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	differences	difference	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	brains	brain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | can | Small DNA differences | big differences |  | bodies and brains |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset difference=Product |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
DNA has nothing to do with bodies

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t2:o3:1
# text = DNA has nothing to do with bodies
1	DNA	DNA	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | DNA | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive | DNA *not said here* | nothing *not said here* |  |  |  | with bodies | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, a chimp really is 99 percent a person, just in a hairy body

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t2:o4:1
# text = Nothing, a chimp really is 99 percent a person, just in a hairy body
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	chimp	chimp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
5	really	really	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	99	99	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	percent	percent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	just	just	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	hairy	hairy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | 99 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [How close are apes to us?, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/t1/)
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