--- title: Why does the brain cost the body so much? — How close are apes to us? · tree and pragmatics description: Why does the brain cost the body so much? Test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 17 «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/t8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [How close are apes to us?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/) / t8 # Test 8 · ★★★ · How close are apes to us? Why does the brain cost the body so much? **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** brain · **What happens:** cost · **To what, where:** body This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 17 «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/#t8). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t8:1 # text = Why does the brain cost the body so much? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ _ 2 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 brain brain NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 cost cost VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 so so ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 much much ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cost** | present · do-support | the brain | the body | | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme body=Value | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} It never sleeps, even at night, so it burns up the body's fat ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t8:o1:1 # text = It never sleeps, even at night, so it burns up the body's fat 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 3 advmod _ _ 3 sleeps sleep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 5 even even ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 6 at at ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 so so ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 10 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 burns burn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 12 up up ADP RP _ 11 compound:prt _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 15 's 's PART POS _ 14 case _ _ 16 fat fat NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **sleep** | present | It | | | | night | | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **burn up** | present | it | the body's fat | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent fat=Theme | ### Option 2 {#o2} It needs its own heart to run it ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t8:o2:1 # text = It needs its own heart to run it 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 4 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 run run VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ _ 8 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **need** | present | It | its own heart | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot heart=Theme | | 2 | **run** | to-infinitive | | heart | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory | ### Option 3 {#o3} It weighs as much as both legs ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t8:o3:1 # text = It weighs as much as both legs 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 weighs weigh VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 as as ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 obj _ _ 5 as as ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 7 det _ _ 7 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **weigh** | present | It | much | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme much=Value | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4} It uses about a fifth of the body's energy at rest ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:17-how-close-are-apes-to-us:t8:o4:1 # text = It uses about a fifth of the body's energy at rest 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 about about ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 fifth fifth NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 9 's 's PART POS _ 8 case _ _ 10 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 11 at at ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 rest rest NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | It | a fifth of the body's energy | | rest | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fifth=Patient | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [How close are apes to us?, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/t7/) - next →: [How close are apes to us?, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/t9/) - ↑ back to [How close are apes to us?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/)