---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, cl… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the ecological position of Antarctic krill? Exam question 3 of lesson 170 «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the ecological position of Antarctic krill?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** ecological position

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 170 «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the ecological position of Antarctic krill?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	ecological	ecological	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	Antarctic	antarctic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	krill	krill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the ecological position of Antarctic krill |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are a species of flowering plant

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins:e3:o1:1
# text = They are a species of flowering plant
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	species	species	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	flowering	flower	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | a species |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **flower** | gerund | a species *not said here* | plant |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location plant=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They inhabit the freshwater lakes of the Arctic

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins:e3:o2:1
# text = They inhabit the freshwater lakes of the Arctic
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	inhabit	inhabit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	freshwater	freshwater	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	lakes	lake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Arctic	Arctic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **inhabit** | present | They | the freshwater lakes of the Arctic |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They constitute a principal food of penguins, seals, fish and whales and may exceed in total mass the whole of humanity

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins:e3:o3:1
# text = They constitute a principal food of penguins, seals, fish and whales and may exceed in total mass the whole of humanity
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	constitute	constitute	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	seals	seal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	whales	whale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	exceed	exceed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	total	total	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	humanity	humanity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | They | a principal food of penguins and seals and fish and whales |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme food=Pivot |
| 2 | **exceed** | may | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in total mass | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in mass=Attribute |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are a minor species consumed by no other animal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins:e3:o4:1
# text = They are a minor species consumed by no other animal
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	minor	minor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	species	species	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | a minor species |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **consume** | participle |  | a minor species *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, cl…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/e2/)
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- ↑ back to [Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/)