--- title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colos… · tree and pragmatics description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the means by which a starfish digests its prey? Exam question 2 of lesson 171 «The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colossal squid and life under the ice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmati --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice/e2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colos…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice/) / e2 # Exam question 2 · The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colossal squid and life u… Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the means by which a starfish digests its prey? **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** the, starfish · **What happens:** follow, characteris, mean, digest · **To what, where:** prey · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is exam question 2 of lesson 171 «The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colossal squid and life under the ice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice/#e2). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:e2:1 # text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the means by which a starfish digests its prey? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 amod _ _ 5 statements statement NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod _ _ 7 accurately accurately ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 characterises characteris VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 nsubj _ _ 10 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 ccomp _ _ 11 by by ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 15 obl _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 starfish starfish NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 digests digest VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 ccomp _ _ 16 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 18 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **characteris** | present | | | | | | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **mean** | present | the | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **digest** | present | a starfish | starfish's prey | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Food is masticated by means of numerous teeth ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:e2:o1:1 # text = Food is masticated by means of numerous teeth 1 Food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 masticated masticate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 nsubj _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 numerous numerous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **masticate** | present · passive | | Food | | | | | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **mean** | present | | | | | | of numerous teeth | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ### Option 2 {#o2} Food is dissolved by venom injected through the spines ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:e2:o2:1 # text = Food is dissolved by venom injected through the spines 1 Food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 dissolved dissolve VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 venom venom NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 injected inject VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 acl _ _ 7 through through ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 spines spine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **dissolve** | present · passive | venom | Food | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | | 2 | **inject** | participle | | venom *not said here* | | the spines | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ### Option 3 {#o3} Prey is absorbed exclusively through the arms ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:e2:o3:1 # text = Prey is absorbed exclusively through the arms 1 Prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 absorbed absorb VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 exclusively exclusively ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 through through ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 arms arm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **absorb** | present · passive | | Prey | | the arms | | exclusively *property* | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4} The stomach is extended outside the body and digestion occurs externally ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:e2:o4:1 # text = The stomach is extended outside the body and digestion occurs externally 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 stomach stomach NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 extended extend VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 outside outside ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 digestion digestion NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 10 occurs occur VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 11 externally externally ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **extend** | present · passive | | the stomach | | | | outside the body | vn body\_motion-49.2-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **occur** | present | digestion | | | | | externally *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colos…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice/e1/) - next →: [The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colos…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice/e3/) - ↑ back to [The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colossal squid and life under the ice](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice/)