---
title: A sperm whale comes up with fresh round marks on its head. What most… — The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colos… · tree and pragmatics
description: A sperm whale comes up with fresh round marks on its head. What most likely happened? Test 7 of lesson 171 «The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colossal squid and life under the ice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opti
---

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# Test 7 · The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colossal squid and life u…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sperm whale comes up with fresh round marks on its head. What most likely happened?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** sperm whale · **What happens:** come up, happen

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 of lesson 171 «The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colossal squid and life under the ice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A sperm whale comes up with fresh round marks on its head.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:t7:1
# text = A sperm whale comes up with fresh round marks on its head.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sperm	sperm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come up** | present | a sperm whale |  |  |  |  | with fresh round marks on whale's head | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What most likely happened?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:t7:2
# text = What most likely happened?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	3	advmod	_	_
3	likely	likely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	happened	happen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It caught a cold

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:t7:o1:1
# text = It caught a cold
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past | It | a cold |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It fought a squid in the deep and the suckers marked it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:t7:o2:1
# text = It fought a squid in the deep and the suckers marked it
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	suckers	sucker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	marked	mark	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | It | a squid |  | the deep |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent squid=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **mark** | past | the suckers | squid |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It bumped into a ship

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:t7:o3:1
# text = It bumped into a ship
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bumped	bump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bump** | past | It |  |  | a ship |  |  | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into ship=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It slept on sharp rocks that had round holes all over them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice:t7:o4:1
# text = It slept on sharp rocks that had round holes all over them
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	slept	sleep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	all	all	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | past | It |  |  | sharp rocks |  | over holes *= hole* | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | past | sharp rocks | round holes |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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