---
title: In SpongeBob, Patrick the starfish lives happily on a reef. Which re… — Coral reef builders: polyps, bleaching… · tree and pragmatics
description: In SpongeBob, Patrick the starfish lives happily on a reef. Which real starfish is a danger to coral reefs? Test 2 · ★ of lesson 172 «Coral reef builders: polyps, bleaching, sand from parrotfish and giant clams» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics 
---

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# Test 2 · ★ · Coral reef builders: polyps, bleaching, sand from parrotfi…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In SpongeBob, Patrick the starfish lives happily on a reef. Which real starfish is a danger to coral reefs?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Patrick starfish · **What happens:** live, be · **To what, where:** SpongeBob, danger

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 172 «Coral reef builders: polyps, bleaching, sand from parrotfish and giant clams» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/172-coral-reef-builders-polyps-bleaching-sand-from-parrotfish-and-giant-clams/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In SpongeBob, Patrick the starfish lives happily on a reef.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:172-coral-reef-builders-polyps-bleaching-sand-from-parrotfish-and-giant-clams:t2:1
# text = In SpongeBob, Patrick the starfish lives happily on a reef.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	SpongeBob	SpongeBob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Patrick	Patrick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	starfish	starfish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	happily	happily	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	reef	reef	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | the Patrick starfish |  |  | SpongeBob |  | on a reef; happily *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in spongebob=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which real starfish is a danger to coral reefs?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:172-coral-reef-builders-polyps-bleaching-sand-from-parrotfish-and-giant-clams:t2:2
# text = Which real starfish is a danger to coral reefs?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	starfish	starfish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	coral	coral	NOUN	NN	_	9	compound	_	_
9	reefs	reef	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a danger |  |  |  | to coral reefs | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every kind of starfish eats coral, all the time

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:172-coral-reef-builders-polyps-bleaching-sand-from-parrotfish-and-giant-clams:t2:o1:1
# text = Every kind of starfish eats coral, all the time
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	starfish	starfish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | every kind of starfish | coral |  |  | time |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coral=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crown-of-thorns starfish, which eats living coral

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:172-coral-reef-builders-polyps-bleaching-sand-from-parrotfish-and-giant-clams:t2:o2:1
# text = The crown-of-thorns starfish, which eats living coral
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	crown	crown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	thorns	thorn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	starfish	starfish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	amod	_	_
12	coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | the crown starfish | living coral |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coral=Patient |
| 2 | **live** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Starfish eat only sponges, like SpongeBob's friend Patrick does

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:172-coral-reef-builders-polyps-bleaching-sand-from-parrotfish-and-giant-clams:t2:o3:1
# text = Starfish eat only sponges, like SpongeBob's friend Patrick does
1	Starfish	starfish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	sponges	sponge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	SpongeBob	SpongeBob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	Patrick	Patrick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
11	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Starfish | sponges |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sponge=Patient |
| 2 | **do** | present | SpongeBob's friend |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Starfish never eat anything

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:172-coral-reef-builders-polyps-bleaching-sand-from-parrotfish-and-giant-clams:t2:o4:1
# text = Starfish never eat anything
1	Starfish	starfish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | present | Starfish | anything |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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