---
title: «dad says there's a lizard swimming under the boat for ages, lizards… — Mangroves: trees in salt water, mudski… · tree and pragmatics
description: «dad says there's a lizard swimming under the boat for ages, lizards can't do that» Test 11 · ★ of lesson 178 «Mangroves: trees in salt water, mudskippers, archerfish and swimming tigers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of e
---

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# Test 11 · ★ · Mangroves: trees in salt water, mudskippers, archerfish an…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«dad says there's a lizard swimming under the boat for ages, lizards can't do that»

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** dad, lizard, lizards · **What happens:** say, be, swim, not do · **To what, where:** boat, that · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 178 «Mangroves: trees in salt water, mudskippers, archerfish and swimming tigers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/178-mangroves-trees-in-salt-water-mudskippers-archerfish-and-swimming-tigers/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:178-mangroves-trees-in-salt-water-mudskippers-archerfish-and-swimming-tigers:t11:1
# text = «dad says there's a lizard swimming under the boat for ages, lizards can't do that»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lizard	lizard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
8	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	under	under	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	ages	age	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	lizards	lizard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
16	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | dad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **be** *in a quote* | present | a lizard |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **swim** *in a quote* | gerund | a lizard *not said here* |  |  | the boat | for ages |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under boat=Trajectory |
| 4 | **not** **do** *in a quote* | can | lizards | that |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lizards breathe water through gills, like fish, so they never need to come up

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:178-mangroves-trees-in-salt-water-mudskippers-archerfish-and-swimming-tigers:t11:o1:1
# text = Lizards breathe water through gills, like fish, so they never need to come up
1	Lizards	lizard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	breathe	breathe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	gills	gill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	up	up	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | present | Lizards | water |  | gills and fish |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **need** | present | Lizards *= lizard* |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **come up** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Lizards *= lizard* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Right, all lizards sink

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:178-mangroves-trees-in-salt-water-mudskippers-archerfish-and-swimming-tigers:t11:o2:1
# text = Right, all lizards sink
1	Right	right	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	lizards	lizard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sink	sink	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sink** | present | all lizards |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water monitors swim with their tails and stay under for many minutes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:178-mangroves-trees-in-salt-water-mudskippers-archerfish-and-swimming-tigers:t11:o3:1
# text = Water monitors swim with their tails and stay under for many minutes
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	monitors	monitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swim	swim	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	tails	tail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	under	under	ADP	IN	_	8	obl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | present | Water monitors |  |  |  | minute | with monitors's tails | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with tail=Theme |
| 2 | **stay** | infinitive | Water monitors *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It must be a fish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:178-mangroves-trees-in-salt-water-mudskippers-archerfish-and-swimming-tigers:t11:o4:1
# text = It must be a fish
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | must | It | a fish |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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