---
title: Jack says lions are lazy because they sleep all day. What is a bette… — The lion: why people call it «king of… · tree and pragmatics
description: Jack says lions are lazy because they sleep all day. What is a better explanation? Test 6 of lesson 18 «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mov
---

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# Test 6 · The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jack says lions are lazy because they sleep all day. What is a better explanation?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Jack, lions, better explanation · **What happens:** say, be, sleep · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 of lesson 18 «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Jack says lions are lazy because they sleep all day.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts:t6:1
# text = Jack says lions are lazy because they sleep all day.
1	Jack	Jack	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Jack |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | lions |  |  |  |  | lazy *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **sleep** | present | lions *= lion* |  |  |  | day |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is a better explanation?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts:t6:2
# text = What is a better explanation?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	explanation	explanation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a better explanation |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are always ill

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts:t6:o1:1
# text = They are always ill
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | always, ill *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are kings and do not have to work

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts:t6:o2:1
# text = They are kings and do not have to work
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | kings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **have** | present · do-support | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **work** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They save energy for short bursts of hunting and avoid the midday heat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts:t6:o3:1
# text = They save energy for short bursts of hunting and avoid the midday heat
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	save	save	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bursts	burst	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	avoid	avoid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	midday	midday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **save** | present | They | energy |  |  |  | for short bursts of hunting | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent energy=Theme for burst=Source |
| 2 | **avoid** | infinitive | They *not said here* | the midday heat |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent heat=Location |
| 3 | **burst** |  |  | hunting |  |  |  |  | nom burst «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are bored because there is nothing left for them to hunt anywhere

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts:t6:o4:1
# text = They are bored because there is nothing left for them to hunt anywhere
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	bored	bored	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
6	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	6	nsubj	_	_
8	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
13	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	12	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | bored *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | present | nothing |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | for them *= they* | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for they=Recipient |
| 4 | **hunt** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | anywhere *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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