---
title: «my cousin says komodo dragons kill with dirty spit, all germs innit… — Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the d… · tree and pragmatics
description: «my cousin says komodo dragons kill with dirty spit, all germs innit» What is right? Test 2 of lesson 181 «Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kakapos, giants and dwarfs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of 
---

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# Test 2 · Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kaka…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«my cousin says komodo dragons kill with dirty spit, all germs innit» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** cousin, komodo dragons · **What happens:** say, kill, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 of lesson 181 «Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kakapos, giants and dwarfs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs/#t2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t2:1
# text = «my cousin says komodo dragons kill with dirty spit, all germs innit» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	komodo	komodo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	dragons	dragon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	kill	kill	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	spit	spit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	compound	_	_
14	innit	innit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
16	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	18	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | my cousin |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **kill** *in a quote* | present | komodo dragons |  |  |  |  | with dirty spit and germs innit | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, and they have no teeth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t2:o1:1
# text = Yes, and they have no teeth
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	7	det	_	_
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | they | no teeth |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, they kill by breathing fire

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t2:o2:1
# text = No, they kill by breathing fire
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	kill	kill	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kill** | present | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **breathe** | gerund | they *not said here* | fire |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, they have venom glands in their jaws that stop blood clotting

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t2:o3:1
# text = No, they have venom glands in their jaws that stop blood clotting
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	glands	gland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	jaws	jaw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	stop	stop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	clotting	clotting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | they | venom glands |  | glands's jaws |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gland=Patient |
| 2 | **stop** | present | glands's jaws | blood clotting |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality clotting=Eventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it is only the germs from old meat in their mouths

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t2:o4:1
# text = Yes, it is only the germs from old meat in their mouths
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	mouths	mouth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | it | the germs |  | old meat in germs's mouths |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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