---
title: An old Greek shepherd finds a huge skull with one big hole in the mi… — Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the d… · tree and pragmatics
description: An old Greek shepherd finds a huge skull with one big hole in the middle of its face. What was it most likely? Test 5 of lesson 181 «Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kakapos, giants and dwarfs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmati
---

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# Test 5 · Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kaka…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An old Greek shepherd finds a huge skull with one big hole in the middle of its face. What was it most likely?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** old Greek shepherd · **What happens:** find, be · **To what, where:** huge skull, shepherd

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 of lesson 181 «Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kakapos, giants and dwarfs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* An old Greek shepherd finds a huge skull with one big hole in the middle of its face.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t5:1
# text = An old Greek shepherd finds a huge skull with one big hole in the middle of its face.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	Greek	Greek	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	finds	find	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	skull	skull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
11	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present | a old Greek shepherd | a huge skull |  |  |  | with one big hole in the middle of shepherd's face | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skull=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What was it most likely?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t5:2
# text = What was it most likely?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nsubj	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	likely	likely	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | shepherd |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skull of a dwarf elephant, the hole being for its trunk

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t5:o1:1
# text = The skull of a dwarf elephant, the hole being for its trunk
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skull	skull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	dwarf	dwarf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
10	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	cop	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund | the hole |  |  |  |  | for hole's trunk | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skull of a whale

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t5:o2:1
# text = The skull of a whale
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skull	skull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skull of a real one-eyed giant from the old Greek stories

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t5:o3:1
# text = The skull of a real one-eyed giant from the old Greek stories
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skull	skull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	eyed	eyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	Greek	Greek	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skull of a dragon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs:t5:o4:1
# text = The skull of a dragon
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skull	skull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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