---
title: Ascertain the meaning of the term discovery as applied to animals kn… — Strange discoveries: living fossils, h… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the meaning of the term discovery as applied to animals known beforehand to local inhabitants. Exam question 3 of lesson 190 «Strange discoveries: living fossils, hidden apes and animals found in drawers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmati
---

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# Exam question 3 · Strange discoveries: living fossils, hidden apes and anima…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the meaning of the term discovery as applied to animals known beforehand to local inhabitants.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, apply, know, mean · **To what, where:** meaning, animals, term discovery

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 190 «Strange discoveries: living fossils, hidden apes and animals found in drawers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/190-strange-discoveries-living-fossils-hidden-apes-and-animals-found-in-drawers/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:190-strange-discoveries-living-fossils-hidden-apes-and-animals-found-in-drawers:e3:1
# text = Ascertain the meaning of the term discovery as applied to animals known beforehand to local inhabitants.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	discovery	discovery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	applied	apply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
12	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	beforehand	beforehand	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the meaning of the term discovery |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Topic |
| 2 | **apply** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to animals | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **know** | participle |  | animals *not said here* |  |  |  | to local inhabitants; beforehand *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **mean** |  |  | the term discovery |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That scientists described and named the animal for the first time

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:190-strange-discoveries-living-fossils-hidden-apes-and-animals-found-in-drawers:e3:o1:1
# text = That scientists described and named the animal for the first time
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	described	describe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	named	name	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	amod	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | past | that scientists |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **name** | past | that scientists *not said here* | the animal |  |  | time |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That it was brought from another planet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:190-strange-discoveries-living-fossils-hidden-apes-and-animals-found-in-drawers:e3:o2:1
# text = That it was brought from another planet
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past · passive |  | That |  | another planet |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: subject=Theme from planet=Initial\_Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That the animal came into existence at that moment and not before

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:190-strange-discoveries-living-fossils-hidden-apes-and-animals-found-in-drawers:e3:o3:1
# text = That the animal came into existence at that moment and not before
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	before	before	ADV	RB	_	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | that animal |  |  | existence | moment |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into existence=Initial\_Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That no person had ever seen it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:190-strange-discoveries-living-fossils-hidden-apes-and-animals-found-in-drawers:e3:o4:1
# text = That no person had ever seen it
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	_
6	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past · perfect · passive |  | that person |  |  | ever |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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