---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the rule that one year of a dog's life equals seven human years. Exam question 4 of lesson 192 «Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the
---

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# Exam question 4 · Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the rule that one year of a dog's life equals seven human years.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, established facts, one year · **What happens:** select, establish, concern, equal · **To what, where:** response, rule

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 192 «Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds:e4:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the rule that one year of a dog's life equals seven human years.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	's	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
20	equals	equal	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl	_	_
21	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
22	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the rule |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus rule=Experiencer |
| 4 | **equal** | present | one year of a dog's life | the rule *not said here* |  |  | year |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is an exact law of nature applying equally to all breeds, whatever their size or their weight

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds:e4:o1:1
# text = It is an exact law of nature applying equally to all breeds, whatever their size or their weight
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	exact	exact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	applying	apply	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
9	equally	equally	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	breeds	breed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	whatever	whatever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	conj	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a exact law |  |  |  | of nature | tree rules |
| 2 | **apply** | gerund | a exact law *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to all breeds; equally *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It applies exclusively to the largest breeds, the smaller ones ageing at the same rate as men

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds:e4:o2:1
# text = It applies exclusively to the largest breeds, the smaller ones ageing at the same rate as men
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	applies	apply	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	breeds	breed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	appos	_	_
12	ageing	age	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	rate	rate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apply** | present | It |  |  |  |  | to the largest breeds; exclusively *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **age** | gerund | the smaller ones *not said here* |  |  | the same rate |  | as men | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It has been proved correct for all mammals

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds:e4:o3:1
# text = It has been proved correct for all mammals
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	proved	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	correct	correct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	mammals	mammal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | present · perfect · passive |  | It |  |  |  | for all mammals; correct *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a rough approximation, dogs maturing rapidly in the first year and ageing more slowly thereafter

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds:e4:o4:1
# text = It is a rough approximation, dogs maturing rapidly in the first year and ageing more slowly thereafter
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	approximation	approximation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	maturing	mature	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	amod	_	_
13	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	ageing	ageing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	17	advmod	_	_
17	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
18	thereafter	thereafter	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a rough approximation and dogs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mature** | gerund | dogs *not said here* |  |  |  | year | rapidly, slowly, thereafter *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/e3/)
- next →: [How a dog thinks: a world of smells, s…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/)