---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — How a dog thinks: a world of smells, s… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the colour vision of the dog with respect to a red object upon green grass? Exam question 3 of lesson 193 «How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree a
---

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# Exam question 3 · How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the colour vision of the dog with respect to a red object upon green grass?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** colour vision

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 193 «How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the colour vision of the dog with respect to a red object upon green grass?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	vision	vision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
21	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the colour vision of the dog with respect |  |  |  | of the following statements; to a red object upon green grass; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The object appears blue

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces:e3:o1:1
# text = The object appears blue
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | the object |  |  |  |  | blue *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The object is invisible in all conditions

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces:e3:o2:1
# text = The object is invisible in all conditions
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	conditions	condition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the object |  |  | all conditions |  | invisible *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The object appears greyish and is difficult to distinguish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces:e3:o3:1
# text = The object appears greyish and is difficult to distinguish
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	greyish	greyish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	difficult	difficult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	distinguish	distinguish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | the object |  |  |  |  | greyish *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the object *not said here* |  |  |  |  | difficult *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **distinguish** | to-infinitive | the object *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The object appears more vivid than to a human

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces:e3:o4:1
# text = The object appears more vivid than to a human
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	vivid	vivid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	human	human	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | the object |  |  |  |  | vivid *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [How a dog thinks: a world of smells, s…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces/e2/)
- next →: [How a dog thinks: a world of smells, s…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces/e4/)
- ↑ back to [How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces/)