---
title: It is given that a dog returns to its owner after a prolonged absenc… — Training a dog with rewards and patience · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a dog returns to its owner after a prolonged absence in a public park. Ascertain the response most likely to encourage future returns. Exam question 4 of lesson 195 «Training a dog with rewards and patience» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree an
---

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# Exam question 4 · Training a dog with rewards and patience

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a dog returns to its owner after a prolonged absence in a public park. Ascertain the response most likely to encourage future returns.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** dog, you · **What happens:** give, return, prolong, ascertain, encourage · **To what, where:** It, response, future returns

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 195 «Training a dog with rewards and patience» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a dog returns to its owner after a prolonged absence in a public park.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience:e4:1
# text = It is given that a dog returns to its owner after a prolonged absence in a public park.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	returns	return	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	prolonged	prolong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **return** | present | a dog |  |  |  | after a prolonged absence in a public park | to dog's owner *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to owner=Result |
| 3 | **prolong** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the response most likely to encourage future returns.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience:e4:2
# text = Ascertain the response most likely to encourage future returns.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	likely	likely	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	encourage	encourage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
8	future	future	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	returns	return	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | likely *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Topic |
| 2 | **encourage** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | future returns |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent return=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog ought to be reprimanded severely

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience:e4:o1:1
# text = The dog ought to be reprimanded severely
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	reprimanded	reprimand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	severely	severely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reprimand** | ought · passive |  | the dog |  |  |  | severely *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog ought to be ignored entirely

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience:e4:o2:1
# text = The dog ought to be ignored entirely
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	ignored	ignore	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ignore** | ought · passive |  | the dog |  |  |  | entirely *property* | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog ought to be rewarded upon its return

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience:e4:o3:1
# text = The dog ought to be rewarded upon its return
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	rewarded	reward	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reward** | ought · passive |  | the dog |  |  |  | upon dog's return | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **return** |  | dog |  |  |  |  |  | nom return «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog ought to be confined for the day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience:e4:o4:1
# text = The dog ought to be confined for the day
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	confined	confine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confine** | ought · passive |  | the dog |  |  | day |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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