---
title: Ascertain the origin of the blue colouration exhibited by the wings… — The rainforest from the top: emergent… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the origin of the blue colouration exhibited by the wings of the blue morpho. Exam question 4 of lesson 2 «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mov
---

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# Exam question 4 · The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the origin of the blue colouration exhibited by the wings of the blue morpho.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, exhibit · **To what, where:** origin, blue colouration

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 2 «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:2-the-rainforest-from-the-top:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the origin of the blue colouration exhibited by the wings of the blue morpho.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	colouration	colouration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	exhibited	exhibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	morpho	morpho	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the origin of the blue colouration |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent origin=Topic |
| 2 | **exhibit** | participle |  | the blue colouration *not said here* |  |  |  | by the wings of the blue morpho | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Minute ridges upon the wing scales reflect blue light exclusively

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:2-the-rainforest-from-the-top:e4:o1:1
# text = Minute ridges upon the wing scales reflect blue light exclusively
1	Minute	minute	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	ridges	ridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wing	wing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	scales	scale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	reflect	reflect	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reflect** | present | Minute ridges upon the wing scales | blue light |  |  |  | exclusively *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A blue pigment derived from the nectar of flowers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:2-the-rainforest-from-the-top:e4:o2:1
# text = A blue pigment derived from the nectar of flowers
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pigment	pigment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	derived	derive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	nectar	nectar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | past | a blue pigment |  |  | the nectar of flowers |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from nectar=Material |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The reflection of the sky upon transparent wings

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:2-the-rainforest-from-the-top:e4:o3:1
# text = The reflection of the sky upon transparent wings
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reflection	reflection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	transparent	transparent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A blue powder deposited upon the wings by rainfall

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:2-the-rainforest-from-the-top:e4:o4:1
# text = A blue powder deposited upon the wings by rainfall
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	deposited	deposit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	rainfall	rainfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deposit** | participle |  | a blue powder *not said here* |  | the wings |  | by rainfall | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon wing=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [The rainforest from the top: emergent…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/e3/)
- next →: [The rainforest from below: understorey…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/t1/)
- ↑ back to [The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/)