---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the ho… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the so-called black panther? Exam question 2 of lesson 20 «Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Exam question 2 · Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the so-called black panther?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, call · **To what, where:** black panther · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 20 «Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the so-called black panther?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
13	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	panther	panther	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the black panther |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **call** | participle |  | the black panther *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A leopard or jaguar bearing excess dark pigment, its spots remaining discernible

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat:e2:o1:1
# text = A leopard or jaguar bearing excess dark pigment, its spots remaining discernible
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leopard	leopard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	jaguar	jaguar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	bearing	bear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	nsubj	_	_
6	excess	excess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	pigment	pigment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	remaining	remain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	discernible	discernible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **remain** | gerund | excess's spots *not said here* |  |  |  |  | discernible *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A distinct species of cat, native to the jungle, entirely devoid of markings

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat:e2:o2:1
# text = A distinct species of cat, native to the jungle, entirely devoid of markings
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	distinct	distinct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	species	species	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	jungle	jungle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	markings	marking	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hybrid of the lion and the domestic cat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat:e2:o3:1
# text = A hybrid of the lion and the domestic cat
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hybrid	hybrid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	domestic	domestic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tiger in which the stripes have failed to develop

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat:e2:o4:1
# text = A tiger in which the stripes have failed to develop
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tiger	tiger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stripes	stripe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	failed	fail	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	develop	develop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fail** | present · perfect · passive |  | the stripes |  |  |  | in a tiger | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **develop** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the ho…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat/e1/)
- next →: [Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the ho…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat/)