---
title: Identify the means by which fish obtain oxygen. — The fish tank: water, gills, heaters a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the means by which fish obtain oxygen. Exam question 2 of lesson 203 «The fish tank: water, gills, heaters and the right neighbours» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 2 · The fish tank: water, gills, heaters and the right neighbo…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the means by which fish obtain oxygen.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, the, fish · **What happens:** identify, mean, obtain · **To what, where:** oxygen · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 203 «The fish tank: water, gills, heaters and the right neighbours» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours:e2:1
# text = Identify the means by which fish obtain oxygen.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
6	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	obtain	obtain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **obtain** | present | fish | oxygen |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through the gills, from oxygen dissolved in the water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours:e2:o1:1
# text = Through the gills, from oxygen dissolved in the water
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	gills	gill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	dissolved	dissolve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dissolve** | participle |  | oxygen *not said here* |  | the water |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through lungs, from air at the surface in all species

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours:e2:o2:1
# text = Through lungs, from air at the surface in all species
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish possess no requirement for oxygen

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours:e2:o3:1
# text = Fish possess no requirement for oxygen
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	possess	possess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	requirement	requirement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | Fish | no requirement |  |  |  | for oxygen | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot requirement=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through the fins, from the light

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours:e2:o4:1
# text = Through the fins, from the light
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	fins	fin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ↑ back to [The fish tank: water, gills, heaters and the right neighbours](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours/)