---
title: It is given that a budgerigar has remained fluffed up and motionless… — Budgies and canaries · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a budgerigar has remained fluffed up and motionless for a prolonged period. Ascertain the appropriate course of action. Exam question 3 of lesson 205 «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Exam question 3 · Budgies and canaries

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a budgerigar has remained fluffed up and motionless for a prolonged period. Ascertain the appropriate course of action.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** give, remain, fluff up, prolong, ascertain · **To what, where:** It, budgerigar, appropriate course

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 205 «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a budgerigar has remained fluffed up and motionless for a prolonged period.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:e3:1
# text = It is given that a budgerigar has remained fluffed up and motionless for a prolonged period.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	budgerigar	budgerigar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	remained	remain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	fluffed	fluff	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	xcomp	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	motionless	motionless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	prolonged	prolong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **remain** | present · perfect · passive |  | a budgerigar |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fluff up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **prolong** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the appropriate course of action.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:e3:2
# text = Ascertain the appropriate course of action.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the appropriate course of action |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bird ought to be bathed in cold water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:e3:o1:1
# text = The bird ought to be bathed in cold water
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	bathed	bath	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bath** | ought · passive |  | the bird |  | cold water |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No action is required, as this denotes contentment

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:e3:o2:1
# text = No action is required, as this denotes contentment
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	nsubj	_	_
8	denotes	denote	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	contentment	contentment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | no action |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |
| 2 | **denote** | present | this | contentment |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot contentment=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bird ought to be confined in darkness for a week

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:e3:o3:1
# text = The bird ought to be confined in darkness for a week
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	confined	confine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confine** | ought · passive |  | the bird |  | darkness | week |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in darkness=Destination |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Veterinary advice ought to be sought without delay

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:e3:o4:1
# text = Veterinary advice ought to be sought without delay
1	Veterinary	Veterinary	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	2	compound	_	_
2	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	sought	seek	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	delay	delay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seek** | ought · passive |  | Veterinary advice |  |  |  | without delay | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Budgies and canaries, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/e2/)
- next →: [Budgies and canaries, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/e4/)
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