---
title: «he chats to the mirror all day, so he's got a mate, sorted» What is… — Budgies and canaries · tree and pragmatics
description: «he chats to the mirror all day, so he's got a mate, sorted» What is right? Test 2 · ★ of lesson 205 «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 2 · ★ · Budgies and canaries

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«he chats to the mirror all day, so he's got a mate, sorted» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** he · **What happens:** chat, get, sort, be · **To what, where:** mate

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 205 «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/#t2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:t2:1
# text = «he chats to the mirror all day, so he's got a mate, sorted» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	chats	chat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	sorted	sort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	21	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chat** *speech: other* *in a quote* | present | he |  |  |  | day | to the mirror | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **get** *in a quote* | present · passive | he | a mate |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mate=Stimulus |
| 3 | **sort** *in a quote* | past | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Budgies hate other budgies

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:t2:o1:1
# text = Budgies hate other budgies
1	Budgies	budgie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hate	hate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	budgies	budgie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hate** | present | Budgies | other budgies |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer budgie=Stimulus |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A real budgie friend is much better than a mirror

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:t2:o2:1
# text = A real budgie friend is much better than a mirror
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	budgie	budgie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	much	much	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a real budgie friend |  |  |  |  | than a mirror; good *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mirrors make budgies sing like canaries, and that is the same as having a friend

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:t2:o3:1
# text = Mirrors make budgies sing like canaries, and that is the same as having a friend
1	Mirrors	mirror	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	budgies	budgie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	canaries	canary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Mirrors | budgies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | infinitive | budgies *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like canaries | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | same *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **have** | gerund | that *not said here* | a friend |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A mirror is all he needs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries:t2:o4:1
# text = A mirror is all he needs
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	all	all	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a mirror |  |  |  |  | all, need *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Budgies and canaries, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/t1/)
- next →: [Budgies and canaries, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/t3/)
- ↑ back to [Budgies and canaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/)