---
title: «my cousin says horses never sleep cos they're always standing lol»… — Horses and ponies: how they eat, see,… · tree and pragmatics
description: «my cousin says horses never sleep cos they're always standing lol» What is right? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 207 «Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in he…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«my cousin says horses never sleep cos they're always standing lol» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** cousin, horses · **What happens:** say, not sleep, stand, be · **To what, where:** horses · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 207 «Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/#t1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t1:1
# text = «my cousin says horses never sleep cos they're always standing lol» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	cos	cos	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	12	advmod	_	_
12	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
13	lol	lol	INTJ	UH	_	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
15	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | my cousin | horses |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **sleep** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **stand** *in a quote* | present · progressive | horses *= horse* |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They never sleep at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t1:o1:1
# text = They never sleep at all
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sleep** | present | They |  |  | all |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They only sleep in water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t1:o2:1
# text = They only sleep in water
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present | They |  |  | water |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in water=Location |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They doze standing up but lie down for short deep sleeps

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t1:o3:1
# text = They doze standing up but lie down for short deep sleeps
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	doze	doze	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	sleeps	sleep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **doze** | present | They |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stand up** | gerund | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lie down** | infinitive | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for short deep sleeps | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They sleep standing for a whole week, then lie down for one long night

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t1:o4:1
# text = They sleep standing for a whole week, then lie down for one long night
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
10	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
11	down	down	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
14	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present | They |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stand** | gerund | They *not said here* |  |  |  | week |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lie down** | infinitive | They *not said here* |  |  |  | then; night |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- next →: [Horses and ponies: how they eat, see,…, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/t2/)
- ↑ back to [Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in herds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/)