---
title: In a cartoon a horse laughs and shows all its teeth at a joke. What… — Horses and ponies: how they eat, see,… · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon a horse laughs and shows all its teeth at a joke. What is a real horse doing with a curled lip? Test 4 · ★ of lesson 207 «Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the questio
---

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# Test 4 · ★ · Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in he…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon a horse laughs and shows all its teeth at a joke. What is a real horse doing with a curled lip?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** horse, real horse · **What happens:** laugh, show, be, do, curl · **To what, where:** teeth, joke, real horse

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 207 «Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon a horse laughs and shows all its teeth at a joke.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t4:1
# text = In a cartoon a horse laughs and shows all its teeth at a joke.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	laughs	laugh	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | present | a horse |  |  |  |  | in a cartoon | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Theme |
| 2 | **show** | present | a horse *not said here* | horse's teeth |  | a joke |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tooth=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is a real horse doing with a curled lip?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t4:2
# text = What is a real horse doing with a curled lip?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	curled	curl	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	lip	lip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a real horse |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | gerund | a real horse *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a curled lip | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **curl** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Getting ready to sing a song to the other horses in the field

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t4:o1:1
# text = Getting ready to sing a song to the other horses in the field
1	Getting	get	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	0	root	_	_
2	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | gerund |  |  |  | the field |  | ready *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | to-infinitive |  | a song | the other horses |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent song=Topic to horse=Recipient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smelling something with a special organ in its mouth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t4:o2:1
# text = Smelling something with a special organ in its mouth
1	Smelling	smell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	organ	organ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  | with a special organ in organ's mouth | vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crying because it is sad

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t4:o3:1
# text = Crying because it is sad
1	Crying	cry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	3	case	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | because it | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Crying |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Laughing like a person at a funny joke

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds:t4:o4:1
# text = Laughing like a person at a funny joke
1	Laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | gerund |  |  |  | a funny joke |  | like a person | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Horses and ponies: how they eat, see,…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/t3/)
- next →: [Horses and ponies: how they eat, see,…, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/t5/)
- ↑ back to [Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in herds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/)