---
title: Identify the anatomical structures from whose union the proboscis of… — Elephants: the trunk and everything it… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the anatomical structures from whose union the proboscis of the elephant is understood to have arisen. Exam question 1 of lesson 21 «Elephants: the trunk and everything it does» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of ea
---

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# Exam question 1 · Elephants: the trunk and everything it does

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the anatomical structures from whose union the proboscis of the elephant is understood to have arisen.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, anatomical structures · **What happens:** identify, understand, arise · **To what, where:** anatomical structures, union, proboscis

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 21 «Elephants: the trunk and everything it does» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:e1:1
# text = Identify the anatomical structures from whose union the proboscis of the elephant is understood to have arisen.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	anatomical	anatomical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	structures	structure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	union	union	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	proboscis	proboscis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	understood	understand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	aux	_	_
17	arisen	arise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the anatomical structures |  | the anatomical structures's union |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent structure=Theme |
| 2 | **understand** | present · passive | the anatomical structures *not said here* | the proboscis of the elephant |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 3 | **arise** | to-infinitive · perfect | the anatomical structures *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cheeks and the chin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:e1:o1:1
# text = The cheeks and the chin
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cheeks	cheek	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	chin	chin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nose and the lower jaw

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:e1:o2:1
# text = The nose and the lower jaw
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The upper lip and the tongue

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:e1:o3:1
# text = The upper lip and the tongue
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lip	lip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nose and the upper lip

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:e1:o4:1
# text = The nose and the upper lip
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	lip	lip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Elephants: the trunk and everything it…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/t12/)
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