---
title: Why might a calf kneel down and drink with its mouth instead of its… — Elephants: the trunk and everything it… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why might a calf kneel down and drink with its mouth instead of its trunk? Test 11 of lesson 21 «Elephants: the trunk and everything it does» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 11 · Elephants: the trunk and everything it does

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why might a calf kneel down and drink with its mouth instead of its trunk?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** calf kneel · **What happens:** drink

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This is test 11 of lesson 21 «Elephants: the trunk and everything it does» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:t11:1
# text = Why might a calf kneel down and drink with its mouth instead of its trunk?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	kneel	kneel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | might | a calf kneel |  |  |  |  | with kneel's mouth; instead kneel's trunk; down *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Calf trunks only work at night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:t11:o1:1
# text = Calf trunks only work at night
1	Calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	trunks	trunk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	work	work	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | Calf trunks |  |  |  | night |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its mother forbids it to use the trunk

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:t11:o2:1
# text = Its mother forbids it to use the trunk
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	forbids	forbid	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forbid** | present | Its mother | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | to-infinitive | Its mother *not said here* | the trunk |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trunk=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It has not yet learned to drink with the trunk

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:t11:o3:1
# text = It has not yet learned to drink with the trunk
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **learn** | present · perfect | It |  |  |  | yet |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **drink** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with the trunk | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Calves have no nostrils inside their trunk yet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:21-elephants-the-trunk:t11:o4:1
# text = Calves have no nostrils inside their trunk yet
1	Calves	calf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	nostrils	nostril	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Calves | no nostrils |  | Calves's trunk | yet |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nostril=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Elephants: the trunk and everything it…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/t10/)
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