---
title: Identify the principal reason for which the domestic fowl must be en… — Chickens: eggs, pecking order and livi… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which the domestic fowl must be enclosed at nightfall. Exam question 2 of lesson 212 «Chickens: eggs, pecking order and living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Exam question 2 · Chickens: eggs, pecking order and living dinosaurs

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which the domestic fowl must be enclosed at nightfall.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, enclose · **To what, where:** principal reason, domestic fowl, nightfall

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 212 «Chickens: eggs, pecking order and living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/212-chickens-eggs-pecking-order-and-living-dinosaurs/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:212-chickens-eggs-pecking-order-and-living-dinosaurs:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which the domestic fowl must be enclosed at nightfall.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	domestic	domestic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	fowl	fowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	enclosed	enclose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	nightfall	nightfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **enclose** | must · passive |  | the domestic fowl |  | nightfall |  | for the principal reason | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exposure to moonlight prevents laying

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:212-chickens-eggs-pecking-order-and-living-dinosaurs:e2:o1:1
# text = Exposure to moonlight prevents laying
1	Exposure	exposure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	moonlight	moonlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	acl	_	_
4	prevents	prevent	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	laying	lay	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prevent** | present | Exposure |  |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **lay** | gerund | Exposure *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Foxes hunt chickens, which fly poorly and sleep deeply at night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:212-chickens-eggs-pecking-order-and-living-dinosaurs:e2:o2:1
# text = Foxes hunt chickens, which fly poorly and sleep deeply at night
1	Foxes	fox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hunt	hunt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	chickens	chicken	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	fly	fly	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	poorly	poorly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	deeply	deeply	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunt** | present | Foxes | chickens |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chicken=Theme |
| 2 | **fly** | present | chickens |  |  |  |  | poorly *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **sleep** | present | chickens *not said here* |  |  |  | night | deeply *property* | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chickens are inclined to migrate after dark

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:212-chickens-eggs-pecking-order-and-living-dinosaurs:e2:o3:1
# text = Chickens are inclined to migrate after dark
1	Chickens	chicken	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	inclined	incline	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	migrate	migrate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **incline** | present · passive |  | Chickens |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **migrate** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | after dark |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The eggs freeze unless the house is closed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:212-chickens-eggs-pecking-order-and-living-dinosaurs:e2:o4:1
# text = The eggs freeze unless the house is closed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	freeze	freeze	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unless	unless	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** | present | the eggs |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **close** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | the house |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Chickens: eggs, pecking order and livi…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/212-chickens-eggs-pecking-order-and-living-dinosaurs/e1/)
- next →: [Chickens: eggs, pecking order and livi…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/212-chickens-eggs-pecking-order-and-living-dinosaurs/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Chickens: eggs, pecking order and living dinosaurs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/212-chickens-eggs-pecking-order-and-living-dinosaurs/)