---
title: «chuck them the old bread, ducks love it» What is better? — Ducks, geese and farm myths · tree and pragmatics
description: «chuck them the old bread, ducks love it» What is better? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 213 «Ducks, geese and farm myths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 4 · ★★ · Ducks, geese and farm myths

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«chuck them the old bread, ducks love it» What is better?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, ducks · **What happens:** chuck, love, be · **To what, where:** them, bread

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 213 «Ducks, geese and farm myths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/#t4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths:t4:1
# text = «chuck them the old bread, ducks love it» What is better?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	chuck	chuck	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	love	love	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
12	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chuck** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Destination bread=Theme |
| 2 | **love** *in a quote* | present | ducks | bread |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bread is the best food for ducks

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths:t4:o1:1
# text = Bread is the best food for ducks
1	Bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bread | the best food |  |  |  | for ducks | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Peas, sweetcorn or oats, because bread fills them up with little goodness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths:t4:o2:1
# text = Peas, sweetcorn or oats, because bread fills them up with little goodness
1	Peas	pea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	sweetcorn	sweetcorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	oats	oat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	fills	fill	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	goodness	goodness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill up** | present | bread | oats *= oat* |  |  |  | with little goodness | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Patient with goodness=Instrument |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crisps are better than bread

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths:t4:o3:1
# text = Crisps are better than bread
1	Crisps	crisp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Crisps |  |  |  |  | than bread; good *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ducks should never be fed anything at all, not even peas, or they forget how to find food

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths:t4:o4:1
# text = Ducks should never be fed anything at all, not even peas, or they forget how to find food
1	Ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	fed	feed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	even	even	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	peas	pea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	forget	forget	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
17	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
20	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **feed** | should · passive |  | Ducks |  |  |  | peas *obl* | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient anything=Theme |
| 2 | **forget** | present | Ducks *= duck* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **find** | to-infinitive | Ducks *= duck* *not said here* | food |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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