---
title: Identify the principal hazard posed to the hedgehog by a bonfire con… — Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal hazard posed to the hedgehog by a bonfire constructed some weeks before ignition. Exam question 2 of lesson 214 «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of 
---

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# Exam question 2 · Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal hazard posed to the hedgehog by a bonfire constructed some weeks before ignition.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, principal hazard · **What happens:** identify, pose, construct · **To what, where:** principal hazard

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 214 «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal hazard posed to the hedgehog by a bonfire constructed some weeks before ignition.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hazard	hazard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
5	posed	pose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:agent	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bonfire	bonfire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	constructed	construct	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	det	_	_
14	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	ignition	ignition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn empathize-88.2 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **pose** | participle |  | the principal hazard *not said here* |  |  |  | by a bonfire | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **construct** | past | the principal hazard |  |  |  | before ignition; week |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hedgehogs are drawn to warmth and will light fires

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e2:o1:1
# text = Hedgehogs are drawn to warmth and will light fires
1	Hedgehogs	hedgehog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	warmth	warmth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | present · passive |  | Hedgehogs |  | warmth |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to warmth=Destination |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hedgehog may have made its nest within the pile

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e2:o2:1
# text = A hedgehog may have made its nest within the pile
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	within	within	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | may · perfect · passive |  | a hedgehog |  |  |  | within the pile | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary nest=Product |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pile prevents hedgehogs from hibernating

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e2:o3:1
# text = The pile prevents hedgehogs from hibernating
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	prevents	prevent	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hedgehogs	hedgehog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hibernating	hibernate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prevent** | present | the pile | hedgehogs |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer hedgehog=Theme |
| 2 | **hibernate** | gerund | the pile *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smoke attracts hedgehogs from afar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e2:o4:1
# text = The smoke attracts hedgehogs from afar
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	attracts	attract	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hedgehogs	hedgehog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	afar	afar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attract** | present | the smoke | hedgehogs |  | afar |  |  | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hedgehog=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/e1/)
- next →: [Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/)